MassachusettsHISTORY EXPLORERS GRADES 3–8
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Quick glossary
evidence
Information from a source that helps us test a claim.
source
A document, object, image, or account we can examine.
inference
An explanation based on clues; it still needs checking.
migration
Moving from one place to another to live.
immigrant
A person who moves to another country to live.
estimate
An approximate amount, based on available information.
oral history
A recorded interview about someone’s memories and experiences.
community
People connected by a place, relationships, or shared activities.
ancestry
Family origins across generations.
primary source
Evidence created by someone who experienced a time or event.

Quock Walker and the constitution

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All four include an image, vocabulary, comprehension questions, a follow-up reading, and teacher guidance. These English PDFs have selectable text; use the reading below for adjustable text and listening tools.

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Elizabeth Freeman, who brought a different freedom suit in 1781. This is not a portrait of Quock Walker.
Elizabeth Freeman, who brought a different freedom suit in 1781. This is not a portrait of Quock Walker.

Words to know

court
a place or group that decides legal cases
equality
having equal rights or standing
change
become different

Quock Walker sought freedom through the courts. His cases helped challenge slavery. In 1783, Chief Justice William Cushing explained that slavery conflicted with the state constitution. People used the language of rights to demand change.

Talk about the reading

What happened? Point to a detail that supports your answer. What does the picture help you understand? What would you like to investigate next?

Follow-up: Shays’ Rebellion

Many farmers struggled with debt and taxes. Some blocked courts and joined an armed uprising. Daniel Shays became one of its leaders. The conflict showed deep disagreement about government, fairness, and money.

How are the two events connected or different? Their order does not prove that one caused the other.

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Word match: use the reading

Select a word, then select its meaning. You can use a keyboard or tap. Read the word bank if you need a clue.

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Check the evidence

Research source for this event ↗

Susan Anne Livingston Ridley Sedgwick / Massachusetts Historical Society, public domain. Image source and rights ↗

Historical images, later portraits, reconstructions, and modern topic illustrations are identified in their captions. They are different kinds of evidence.

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